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Answers to selected exercises from the workbook

9. a. [H3O+] = 9.0 x 10-6;  pH = 5.05

    b. [C2H3O2-] = [H3O+] = 1.9 x 10-3;  pH = 2.72

    c. Ka = 1.3 x 10-4

 

10.a. Ka = 4 x 10-8

    b. pH = 2.10

    c. HClO2 (it has the larger Ka)

    d. 1 M HClO (it's the weaker acid)

    e. [NH4+] = [OH-] = 1.3 x 10-3

    f. [NH4+] = 1.8 x 10-4

 

16.a. the position of equilibrium will shift to the left
        the pH will increase
        [HX] will increase
        [H3O+] will decrease

    b. [NH3] will increase
        [NH4+] will decrease

    c. pH will decrease
        [HCO3-] will increase

    d. Whenever more acid dissociates, increasing the acidity of a solution, the concentrations of both the hydronium ion and the conjugate base increase.   The conjugate base doesn't make the solution more basic because it is a weaker base than water.