Neutralization
It is possible to predict the products of acid-base
neutralization reactions in the same way that you were able to predict the products of
double-displacement precipitation reactions. Let's use the neutralization of stomach acid
(HCl) by milk of magnesia (Mg(OH)2) as an example.
Mentally (or on paper) divide the acid into H+
ions and negative ions. Similarly, divide the base into positive ions and OH-
ions. For products, the H+ and OH- ions make H2O.
(At this point it may look like you have an excess of H+ or OH-
ions - don't worry that you don't have enough of both to make a whole number
of H2O molecules! When you balance the equation you will
find that there will be plenty of each ion in the end.)
So the next step is to combine the positive and negative ions to make an ionic compound (a salt) taking into
account the charges on each ion. In this case, Mg2+ and Cl- make
MgCl2. If the formula of the salt is correct, you should have no trouble
balancing the equation and you'll see that you do have
whole numbers of water molecules. |
| Reactants |
Products |
| HCl + Mg(OH)2 |
|
| H+ Cl- Mg2+
OH- |
|
| |
MgCl2 + H2O |
2 HCl + Mg(OH)2
MgCl2 + 2 H2O |
|
Practice (Ex. 9)
Now try your hand at this by completing and balancing equations for these
reactions (which are also shown in exercise 9 in your workbook). Check your answers below,
then continue.
Answers (Ex. 9)
Here are the answers (to exercise 9). If you have trouble with any of
these you should stop now and get help from your instructor.
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E-mail instructor:
Eden Francis
Clackamas Community College
©1998, 2002 Clackamas Community College, Hal Bender
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